Frontotemporal Dementia; Ftd

Table of contents:

Description
Related genes
Clinical Features
Incidence and onset information
Alternative Names
Researches and researchers
Gene Panels
Sources and references

Description

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) refers to a clinical manifestation of the pathologic finding of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). FTD, the most common subtype of FTLD, is a behavioral variant characterized by changes in social and personal conduct with loss of volition, executive dysfunction, loss of abstract thought, and decreased speech output. A second clinical subtype of FTLD is 'semantic dementia,' characterized by specific loss of comprehension of language and impaired facial and object recognition. A third clinical subtype of FTLD is 'primary progressive aphasia' (PPA), characterized by a reduction in speech production, speech errors, and word retrieval difficulties resulting in mutism and an inability to communicate. All subtypes have relative preservation of memory, at least in the early stages. FTLD is often associated with parkinsonism or motor neuron disease (MND) resembling amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS ) (reviews by Tolnay and Probst, 2002 and Mackenzie and Rademakers, 2007). {30,31:Mackenzie et al. (2009, 2010)} provided a classification of FTLD subtypes according to the neuropathologic findings (see PATHOGENESIS below). Clinical Variability of TauopathiesTauopathies comprise a clinically variable group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized neuropathologically by accumulation of abnormal MAPT-positive inclusions in nerve and/or glial cells. In addition to frontotemporal dementia, semantic dementia, and PPA, different clinical syndromes with overlapping features have been described, leading to confusion in the terminology (Tolnay and Probst, 2002). Other terms used historically include parkinsonism and dementia with pallidopontonigral degeneration (PPND) (Wszolek et al., 1992); disinhibition-dementia-parkinsonism-amyotrophy complex (DDPAC) (Lynch et al., 1994); frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism (FLDEM) (Yamaoka et al., 1996); and multiple system tauopathy with presenile dementia (MSTD) (Spillantini et al., 1997). These disorders are characterized by variable degrees of frontal lobe dementia, parkinsonism, motor neuron disease, and amyotrophy.Other neurodegenerative associated with mutations in the MAPT gene include Pick disease (OMIM ) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP ),Inherited neurodegenerative tauopathies linked to chromosome 17 and caused by mutation in the MAPT gene have also been collectively termed 'FTDP17' (Lee et al., 2001).Kertesz (2003) suggested the term 'Pick complex' to represent the overlapping syndromes of FTD, primary progressive aphasia (PPA), corticobasal degeneration (CBD), PSP, and FTD with motor neuron disease. He noted that frontotemporal dementia may also be referred to as 'clinical Pick disease' and that the term 'Pick disease' should be restricted to the pathologic finding of Pick bodies. Genetic Heterogeneity of Frontotemporal Lobar DegenerationMutations in several different genes can cause frontotemporal dementia and frontotemporal lobar degeneration, with or without motor neuron disease. See FTLD with TDP43 inclusions (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the GRN gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 17q21; FTLD mapping to chromosome 3 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the CHMP2B gene (OMIM ); inclusion body myopathy with Paget disease and FTD (IBMPFD ), caused by mutation in the VCP gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 9p13; ALS6 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the FUS gene (OMIM ) on 16p11; ALS10 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the TARDBP gene (OMIM ) on 1p36; and FTDALS (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the C9ORF72 gene (OMIM ) on 9p.In 1 family with FTD, a mutation was identified in the presenilin-1 gene (PSEN1 ) on chromosome 14, which is usually associated with a familial form of early-onset Alzheimer disease (AD3 ).

Genes related to Frontotemporal Dementia; Ftd

PSEN1
MAPT

View recommended genes panels

Clinical Features

Top most frequent phenotypes and symptoms related to Frontotemporal Dementia; Ftd

Hyperreflexia
Dysarthria
Skeletal muscle atrophy
Tremor
Dysphagia
Ventriculomegaly
Myopathy
Behavioral abnormality
Dystonia
Dilatation

And another 58 symptoms. If you need more information about this disease we can help you.

Click here to know more about Mendelian.

Incidence and onset information

— Based on the latest data available FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA; FTD have a estimated prevalence of 3 per 100k worldwide.
— No data available about the known clinical features onset.

Alternative names

Frontotemporal Dementia; Ftd Is also known as mstd, frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism, ftld with tau inclusions, ddpac, ftdp17, wilhelmsen-lynch disease, pallidopontonigral degeneration, frontotemporal lobar degeneration with tau inclusions, frontotemporal lobe dementia, disinhibition-dementia-parkins.

Researches and researchers

Doctors, researchs, and experts related to Frontotemporal Dementia; Ftd extracted from public data.