Delayed speech and language development, and Difficulty walking

High match SPINOCEREBELLAR ATAXIA 44; SCA44

• Hearing impairment
• Ataxia
• Motor delay
• Spasticity
• Delayed speech and language development

SOURCES: MONDO DOID OMIM UMLS

High match SPINOCEREBELLAR ATAXIA 35; SCA35

Spinocerebellar ataxia-35 is an autosomal dominant adult-onset neurologic disorder characterized by difficulty walking due to cerebellar ataxia. The age at onset ranges from teenage years to late adulthood, and the disorder is slowly progressive. Additional features may include hand tremor, dysarthria, hyperreflexia, and saccadic eye movements (summary by Guo et al., 2014).

SPINOCEREBELLAR ATAXIA 35; SCA35 Is also known as ;sca35

• Autosomal dominant inheritance
• Intellectual disability
• Ataxia
• Nystagmus
• Peripheral neuropathy

SOURCES: ORPHANET DOID OMIM SCTID GARD UMLS MONDO

High match MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY, LIMB-GIRDLE, TYPE 2E; LGMD2E

Autosomal recessive limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2E (LGMD2E) is a subtype of autosomal recessive limb girdle muscular dystrophy characterized by a childhood to adolescent onset of progressive pelvic- and shoulder-girdle muscle weakness, particularly affecting the pelvic girdle (adductors and flexors of hip). Usually the knees are the earliest and most affected muscles. In advanced stages, involvement of the shoulder girdle (resulting in scapular winging) and the distal muscle groups are observed. Calf hypertrophy, cardiomyopathy, respiratory impairment, tendon contractures, scoliosis, and exercise-induced myoglobinuria may be observed.

MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY, LIMB-GIRDLE, TYPE 2E; LGMD2E Is also known as ;beta-sarcoglycanopathy; lgmd2e; limb-girdle muscular dystrophy due to beta-sarcoglycan deficiency

• Autosomal recessive inheritance
• Milia
• Myopathy
• Nevus
• Delayed speech and language development

SOURCES: MONDO SCTID DOID OMIM UMLS GARD ORPHANET

High match SPASTIC PARAPLEGIA 53, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE; SPG53

SPG53 is an autosomal recessive neurologic disorder characterized by onset in infancy of delayed motor development progressing to upper and lower limb spasticity with impaired walking. Affected individuals also show mild to moderate cognitive impairment (summary by Zivony-Elboum et al., 2012).

SPASTIC PARAPLEGIA 53, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE; SPG53 Is also known as ;spg53

• Autosomal recessive inheritance
• Global developmental delay
• Hearing impairment
• Microcephaly
• Failure to thrive

SOURCES: DOID OMIM ORPHANET UMLS MONDO

High match ACERULOPLASMINEMIA

Aceruloplasminemia is an adult-onset disorder of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA; see this term) characterized by anemia, retinal degeneration, diabetes and various neurological symptoms.

ACERULOPLASMINEMIA Is also known as ;hereditary ceruloplasmin deficiency

• Autosomal recessive inheritance
• Ataxia
• Anemia
• Delayed speech and language development
• Dysarthria

SOURCES: GARD SCTID UMLS OMIM MONDO DOID ORPHANET

High match NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER WITH EPILEPSY, CATARACTS, FEEDING DIFFICULTIES, AND DELAYED BRAIN MYELINATION; NECFM

Neurodevelopmental disorder with epilepsy, cataracts, feeding difficulties, and delayed brain myelination is a syndromic form of severe to profound intellectual disability with onset of delayed psychomotor development and seizures in infancy. Affected children have hypotonia, feeding difficulties resulting in failure to thrive, and inability to speak or walk, and they tend to show repetitive stereotypic behaviors. Brain imaging shows cerebral atrophy and delayed myelination (summary by Schoch et al., 2017).

NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER WITH EPILEPSY, CATARACTS, FEEDING DIFFICULTIES, AND DELAYED BRAIN MYELINATION; NECFM Is also known as ;

• Autosomal dominant inheritance
• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: ORPHANET UMLS MONDO OMIM

High match LEUKODYSTROPHY, HYPOMYELINATING, 6; HLD6

Hypomyelinating leukodystrophy-6, also known as hypomyelinating leukodystrophy with atrophy of the basal ganglia and cerebellum, is a neurologic disorder characterized by onset in infancy or early childhood of delayed motor development and gait instability, followed by extrapyramidal movement disorders, such as dystonia, choreoathetosis, rigidity, opisthotonus, and oculogyric crises, progressive spastic tetraplegia, ataxia, and, more rarely, seizures. Most patients have cognitive decline and speech delay, but some can function normally. Brain MRI shows a combination of hypomyelination, cerebellar atrophy, and atrophy or disappearance of the putamen. The disorder usually shows sporadic occurrence, but sibs may be affected if a parent is somatic mosaic for the mutation (summary by Simons et al., 2013).Hypomyelinating leukodystrophies (HLD) comprise a genetically heterogeneous entity in which there is a substantial permanent deficit in myelin deposition within the brain, resulting in neurologic deficits (van der Knaap et al., 2002).For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of hypomyelinating leukodystrophy, see {312080}.

LEUKODYSTROPHY, HYPOMYELINATING, 6; HLD6 Is also known as leukodystrophy, hypomyelinating, with atrophy of the basal ganglia and cerebellum;habc;h-abc

• Autosomal recessive inheritance
• Autosomal dominant inheritance
• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay

SOURCES: MONDO OMIM ORPHANET GARD DOID MESH SCTID UMLS

High match MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY-DYSTROGLYCANOPATHY (LIMB-GIRDLE), TYPE C, 1; MDDGC1

Limb-girdle muscular dystrophies resulting from defective glycosylation of alpha-dystroglycan (DAG1 ) represent the mildest end of the phenotypic spectrum of muscular dystrophies collectively known as dystroglycanopathies. The limb-girdle phenotype is characterized by onset of muscular weakness apparent after ambulation is achieved; mental retardation and mild brain anomalies are variable (Balci et al., 2005; review by Godfrey et al., 2007). The most severe end of the phenotypic spectrum of dystroglycanopathies is represented by congenital muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy with brain and eye anomalies (type A; see MDDGA1, {236670}), previously designated Walker-Warburg syndrome (WWS) or muscle-eye-brain disease (MEB), and the intermediate range of the spectrum is represented by congenital muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy with or without mental retardation (type B; see MDDGB1, {613155}). Genetic Heterogeneity of Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy-Dystroglycanopathy (Type C)Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy due to defective glycosylation of DAG1 is genetically heterogeneous. See also MDDGC2 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the POMT2 gene (OMIM ); MDDGC3 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the POMGNT1 gene (OMIM ); MDDGC4 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the FKTN gene (OMIM ); MDDGC5 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the FKRP gene (OMIM ); MDDGC7 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the ISPD gene (OMIM ); MDDGC9 (OMIM ) caused by mutation in the DAG1 gene (OMIM ); MDDGC12 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the POMK gene (OMIM ); and MDDGC14 (OMIM ) caused by mutation in the GMPPB gene (OMIM ).

MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY-DYSTROGLYCANOPATHY (LIMB-GIRDLE), TYPE C, 1; MDDGC1 Is also known as muscular dystrophy, limb-girdle, type 2k;lgmd2k;lgmd2k; limb-girdle muscular dystrophy-intellectual disability syndrome

• Autosomal recessive inheritance
• Intellectual disability
• Microcephaly
• Scoliosis
• Motor delay

SOURCES: GARD NCIT MONDO EFO UMLS DOID OMIM ORPHANET SCTID

High match NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER WITH ATAXIC GAIT, ABSENT SPEECH, AND DECREASED CORTICAL WHITE MATTER; NDAGSCW

NDAGSCW is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by severely delayed psychomotor development apparent from infancy. Affected individuals have delayed and difficulty walking, intellectual disability, absent speech, and variable additional features, including hip dysplasia, tapering fingers, and seizures. Brain imaging shows decreased cortical white matter, often with decreased cerebellar white matter, thin corpus callosum, and thin brainstem (summary by Lamers et al., 2017).

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Pica

SOURCES: OMIM

High match EPILEPTIC ENCEPHALOPATHY, EARLY INFANTILE, 31; EIEE31

• Autosomal dominant inheritance
• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: MONDO UMLS OMIM