Delayed speech and language development, and Overgrowth

High match SOTOS SYNDROME 2; SOTOS2

Malan overgrowth syndrome is a multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by moderate postnatal overgrowth, macrocephaly, craniofacial dysmorphism (including high forehead and anterior hairline, downslanting palpebral fissures, prominent chin), developmental delay, and intellectual disability. Additional variable manifestations include unusual behavior, with or without autistic traits, as well as ocular (e.g. strabismus, nystagmus, optic disc pallor/hypoplasia), gastrointestinal (e.g. vomiting, chronic diarrhea, constipation), musculoskeletal (e.g. scoliosis and pectus excavatum), hand/foot (e.g. long, tapered fingers) and central nervous system (e.g. slightly enlarged ventricles) anomalies.

SOTOS SYNDROME 2; SOTOS2 Is also known as malan syndrome;sotos syndrome 2

• Autosomal dominant inheritance
• Intellectual disability
• Generalized hypotonia
• Scoliosis
• Nystagmus

SOURCES: ORPHANET UMLS OMIM MONDO

High match EPILEPTIC ENCEPHALOPATHY, EARLY INFANTILE, 31; EIEE31

• Autosomal dominant inheritance
• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: MONDO UMLS OMIM

High match MACROCEPHALY, DYSMORPHIC FACIES, AND PSYCHOMOTOR RETARDATION; MDFPMR

Macrocephaly, dysmorphic facies, and psychomotor retardation (MDFPMR) is an autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by large head and somatic overgrowth apparent at birth followed by global developmental delay. Affected individuals have characteristic dysmorphic facial features and persistently large head, but increased birth weight normalizes with age. Additional neurologic features, including seizures, hypotonia, and gait ataxia, may also occur. Patients show severe intellectual impairment (summary by Ortega-Recalde et al., 2015).

• Autosomal recessive inheritance
• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: UMLS OMIM

High match OCULODENTODIGITAL DYSPLASIA, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE

OCULODENTODIGITAL DYSPLASIA, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE Is also known as oddd, autosomal recessive, oculodentoosseous dysplasia, autosomal recessive, odod, autosomal recessive

• Autosomal recessive inheritance
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Pica
• Micrognathia

SOURCES: GARD OMIM UMLS MESH MONDO

High match LUSCAN-LUMISH SYNDROME; LLS

Luscan-Lumish syndrome is characterized by macrocephaly, intellectual disability, speech delay, low sociability, and behavioral problems. More variable features include postnatal overgrowth, obesity, advanced carpal ossification, developmental delay, and seizures (Luscan et al., 2014; Lumish et al., 2015)

• Autosomal dominant inheritance
• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature

SOURCES: MONDO OMIM UMLS

Medium match TENORIO SYNDROME; TNORS

Tenorio syndrome is characterized by overgrowth, macrocephaly, and intellectual disability (ID). Some patients may have mild hydrocephaly, hypoglycemia, and inflammatory diseases resembling Sjogren syndrome (OMIM ) (summary by Tenorio et al., 2014).

TENORIO SYNDROME; TNORS Is also known as overgrowth, macrocephaly, and intellectual disability syndrome

• Autosomal dominant inheritance
• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Generalized hypotonia
• Scoliosis

SOURCES: MONDO UMLS OMIM

Medium match SPASTIC PARAPLEGIA 20, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE; SPG20

gene (13q13.1), which encodes the protein spartin.

SPASTIC PARAPLEGIA 20, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE; SPG20 Is also known as troyer syndrome, spastic paraparesis, childhood-onset, with distal muscle wasting, spastic paraplegia, autosomal recessive, troyer type;childhood-onset spastic paraparesis-distal muscle wasting syndrome; spg20; troyer syndrome

• Autosomal recessive inheritance
• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: DOID ORPHANET MESH GARD OMIM MONDO SCTID UMLS

Medium match ANGELMAN SYNDROME; AS

Angelman syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by mental retardation, movement or balance disorder, typical abnormal behaviors, and severe limitations in speech and language. Most cases are caused by absence of a maternal contribution to the imprinted region on chromosome 15q11-q13. Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS ) is a clinically distinct disorder resulting from paternal deletion of the same 15q11-q13 region. In addition, the chromosome 15q11-q13 duplication syndrome (OMIM ) shows overlapping clinical features.Clayton-Smith and Pembrey (1992) provided a review of Angelman syndrome. Cassidy and Schwartz (1998) reviewed the molecular and clinical aspects of both Prader-Willi syndrome and Angelman syndrome. Horsthemke and Wagstaff (2008) provided a detailed review of the mechanisms of imprinting of the Prader-Willi/Angelman syndrome region.Van Buggenhout and Fryns (2009) provided a review of Angelman syndrome and discussed genetic counseling of the disorder, which can show a recurrence risk of up to 50%, depending on the underlying genetic mechanism.

ANGELMAN SYNDROME; AS Is also known as happy puppet syndrome, formerly

• Autosomal dominant inheritance
• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature

SOURCES: SCTID ICD10 ORPHANET OMIM UMLS

Medium match CHROMOSOME 17q11.2 DELETION SYNDROME, 1.4-MB

Approximately 5 to 20% of all patients with neurofibromatosis type I (OMIM ) carry a heterozygous deletion of approximately 1.4 Mb involving the NF1 gene and contiguous genes lying in its flanking regions (Riva et al., 2000; Jenne et al., 2001), which is caused by nonallelic homologous recombination of NF1 repeats A and C (Dorschner et al., 2000). The 'NF1 microdeletion syndrome' is often characterized by a more severe phenotype than that observed in the majority of NF1 patients. In particular, patients with NF1 microdeletion often show variable facial dysmorphism, mental retardation, developmental delay, an excessive number of early-onset neurofibromas (Venturin et al., 2004), and an increased risk for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (De Raedt et al., 2003).

CHROMOSOME 17q11.2 DELETION SYNDROME, 1.4-MB Is also known as neurofibromatosis 1 microdeletion syndrome, nf1 microdeletion syndrome, van asperen syndrome;dup(17)(q11.2); grisart-destrée syndrome; trisomy 17q11.2

• Autosomal dominant inheritance
• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature

SOURCES: GARD ORPHANET DOID OMIM MONDO

Medium match FRAGILE X SYNDROME; FXS

Fragile X syndrome is characterized by moderate to severe mental retardation, macroorchidism, and distinct facial features, including long face, large ears, and prominent jaw. In most cases, the disorder is caused by the unstable expansion of a CGG repeat in the FMR1 gene and abnormal methylation, which results in suppression of FMR1 transcription and decreased protein levels in the brain (Devys et al., 1993). ReviewsFragile X syndrome accounts for about one-half of cases of X-linked mental retardation and is the second most common cause of mental impairment after trisomy 21 (OMIM ) (Rousseau et al., 1995).McCabe et al. (1999) summarized the proceedings of a workshop on the fragile X syndrome held in December 1998.Jacquemont et al. (2007) provided a review of fragile X syndrome, which they characterized as a neurodevelopmental disorder, and FXTAS, which they characterized as a neurodegenerative disorder.

FRAGILE X SYNDROME; FXS Is also known as fragile x mental retardation syndrome, mental retardation, x-linked, associated with marxq28, x-linked mental retardation and macroorchidism, marker x syndrome, martin-bell syndrome;fraxa syndrome; fxs; frax syndrome; martin-bell syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Generalized hypotonia
• Pica
• Scoliosis

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM SCTID ICD10 UMLS