Delayed speech and language development, and Postaxial polydactyly

Medium match JOUBERT SYNDROME 20; JBTS20

• Autosomal recessive inheritance
• Global developmental delay
• Respiratory insufficiency
• Syndactyly
• Congenital onset

SOURCES: DOID OMIM UMLS MONDO

Medium match BARDET-BIEDL SYNDROME 21; BBS21

BBS21 is an autosomal recessive ciliopathy characterized by obesity, postaxial polydactyly, retinal degeneration, and mild cognitive impairment (Heon et al., 2016; Khan et al., 2016).For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Bardet-Biedl syndrome, see BBS1 (OMIM ).

• Autosomal recessive inheritance
• Delayed speech and language development
• Myopia
• Blindness
• Abnormality of the dentition

SOURCES: UMLS MONDO OMIM

Medium match JOUBERT SYNDROME 24; JBTS24

Joubert syndrome-24 is an autosomal recessive ciliopathy characterized by delayed psychomotor development associated with cerebellar hypoplasia manifest as the molar tooth sign on brain imaging. Additional variable features include hypotonia, abnormal eye movements, and postaxial polydactyly (summary by Huppke et al., 2015).For a phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Joubert syndrome, see {213300}.

• Autosomal recessive inheritance
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Ataxia
• Nystagmus

SOURCES: MONDO OMIM DOID UMLS

Medium match SHORT-RIB THORACIC DYSPLASIA 11 WITH OR WITHOUT POLYDACTYLY; SRTD11

Short-rib thoracic dysplasia (SRTD) with or without polydactyly refers to a group of autosomal recessive skeletal ciliopathies that are characterized by a constricted thoracic cage, short ribs, shortened tubular bones, and a 'trident' appearance of the acetabular roof. SRTD encompasses Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EVC) and the disorders previously designated as Jeune syndrome or asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy (ATD), short rib-polydactyly syndrome (SRPS), and Mainzer-Saldino syndrome (MZSDS). Polydactyly is variably present, and there is phenotypic overlap in the various forms of SRTDs, which differ by visceral malformation and metaphyseal appearance. Nonskeletal involvement can include cleft lip/palate as well as anomalies of major organs such as the brain, eye, heart, kidneys, liver, pancreas, intestines, and genitalia. Some forms of SRTD are lethal in the neonatal period due to respiratory insufficiency secondary to a severely restricted thoracic cage, whereas others are compatible with life (summary by Huber and Cormier-Daire, 2012 and Schmidts et al., 2013).There is phenotypic overlap with the cranioectodermal dysplasias (see CED1, {218330}).For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of short-rib thoracic dysplasia, see SRTD1 (OMIM ).

• Autosomal recessive inheritance
• Short stature
• Cryptorchidism
• Delayed speech and language development
• Brachydactyly

SOURCES: MONDO UMLS OMIM DOID

Low match OROFACIODIGITAL SYNDROME XIV; OFD14

mutations, characterized by severe microcephaly, trigonocephaly, severe intellectual disability and micropenis, in addition to oral, facial and digital malformations (gingival frenulae, lingual hamartomas, cleft/lobulated tongue, cleft palate, telecanthus, up-slanting palpebral fissures, microretrognathia, postaxial polydactyly of hands and duplication of hallux). Corpus callosum agenesis and vermis hypoplasia with molar tooth sign, on brain imaging, are also associated.

OROFACIODIGITAL SYNDROME XIV; OFD14 Is also known as ;microcephaly-cerebral malformation-orofaciodigital syndrome; ofd14; oral-facial-digital syndrome type 14

• Autosomal recessive inheritance
• Intellectual disability
• Microcephaly
• Cleft palate
• Abnormal facial shape

SOURCES: ORPHANET MONDO UMLS OMIM

Low match JOUBERT SYNDROME 10; JBTS10

Joubert syndrome is characterized by a specific hindbrain formation, hypotonia, cerebellar ataxia, dysregulated breathing patterns, and developmental delay. Ciliary dysfunction is a key factor in the pathogenesis (Coene et al., 2009).For a phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Joubert syndrome, see {213300}.

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Pica
• Growth delay

SOURCES: UMLS DOID MESH OMIM MONDO

Low match JOUBERT SYNDROME 14; JBTS14

Joubert syndrome-14 is an autosomal recessive developmental disorder characterized by severe mental retardation, hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis and molar tooth sign (MTS) on brain imaging, hypotonia, abnormal breathing pattern in infancy, and dysmorphic facial features. Additional findings can include renal cysts, abnormal eye movements, and postaxial polydactyly (summary by Boycott et al., 2007 and Huang et al., 2011).For a phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Joubert syndrome, see {213300}.

• Autosomal recessive inheritance
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Pica
• Hypertelorism

SOURCES: DOID UMLS OMIM MONDO

Low match MEGALENCEPHALY-POLYMICROGYRIA-POLYDACTYLY-HYDROCEPHALUS SYNDROME 1; MPPH1

This disorder comprises megalencephaly, hydrocephalus, and polymicrogyria; polydactyly may also be seen. There is considerable phenotypic similarity between this disorder and the megalencephaly-capillary malformation syndrome (MCAP ) (summary by Gripp et al., 2009). Genetic Heterogeneity the Megalencephaly-Polymicrogyria-Polydactyly-Hydrocephalus SyndromeSee also MPPH2 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the AKT3 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 1q43-q44; and MPPH3 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the CCND2 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 12p13.

MEGALENCEPHALY-POLYMICROGYRIA-POLYDACTYLY-HYDROCEPHALUS SYNDROME 1; MPPH1 Is also known as megalencephaly, polymicrogyria, mega corpus callosum syndrome;mpph, meg-pmg-megacc syndrome, megalencephaly, mega corpus callosum, and complete lack of motor development;mpph syndrome

• Autosomal dominant inheritance
• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MONDO UMLS MESH

Low match NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER WITH PROGRESSIVE MICROCEPHALY, SPASTICITY, AND BRAIN ANOMALIES; NDMSBA

NDMSBA is an autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by infantile onset of progressive microcephaly and spasticity and severe global developmental delay resulting in profound mental retardation and severely impaired or absent motor function. More variable features include seizures and optic atrophy. Brain imaging may show myelinating abnormalities and white matter lesions consistent with a leukoencephalopathy, as well as structural anomalies, including thin corpus callosum, gyral abnormalities, and cerebral or cerebellar atrophy. Some patients die in early childhood (summary by Falik Zaccai et al., 2017 and Hall et al., 2017).

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: OMIM UMLS

Low match GREIG CEPHALOPOLYSYNDACTYLY SYNDROME; GCPS

Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome is characterized by frontal bossing, scaphocephaly, and hypertelorism associated with pre- and postaxial polydactyly and variable syndactyly. The phenotype shows variable expressivity and can also include craniosynostosis. Affected individuals usually have normal psychomotor development (summary by Gorlin et al., 2001).

GREIG CEPHALOPOLYSYNDACTYLY SYNDROME; GCPS Is also known as polysyndactyly with peculiar skull shape;gcps

• Autosomal dominant inheritance
• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Hypertelorism

SOURCES: NCIT ORPHANET UMLS OMIM DOID MONDO MESH GARD SCTID