Hyperphenylalaninemia, Bh4-deficient, A; Hpabh4a

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Description
Related genes
Clinical Features
Incidence and onset information
Alternative Names
Researches and researchers
Gene Panels
Sources and references

Description

Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4)-deficient hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA) comprises a genetically heterogeneous group of progressive neurologic disorders caused by autosomal recessive mutations in the genes encoding enzymes involved in the synthesis or regeneration of BH4. BH4 is a cofactor for phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH ), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH ) and tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH1 ), the latter 2 of which are involved in neurotransmitter synthesis. The BH4-deficient HPAs are characterized phenotypically by hyperphenylalaninemia, depletion of the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin, and progressive cognitive and motor deficits (Dudesek et al., 2001).HPABH4A, caused by mutations in the PTS gene, represents the most common cause of BH4-deficient hyperphenylalaninemia (Dudesek et al., 2001). Other forms of BH4-deficient HPA include HPABH4B (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the GCH1 gene (OMIM ), HPABH4C (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the QDPR gene (OMIM ), and HPABH4D (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the PCBD1 gene (OMIM ). Niederwieser et al. (1982) noted that about 1 to 3% of patients with hyperphenylalaninemia have one of these BH4-deficient forms. These disorders are clinically and genetically distinct from classic phenylketonuria (PKU ), caused by mutation in the PAH gene.Two additional disorders associated with BH4 deficiency and neurologic symptoms do not have overt hyperphenylalaninemia as a feature: dopa-responsive dystonia (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the SPR gene (OMIM ), and autosomal dominant dopa-responsive dystonia (DYT5 ), caused by mutation in the GCH1 gene. Patients with these disorders may develop hyperphenylalaninemia when stressed.

Genes related to Hyperphenylalaninemia, Bh4-deficient, A; Hpabh4a

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Clinical Features

Top most frequent phenotypes and symptoms related to Hyperphenylalaninemia, Bh4-deficient, A; Hpabh4a

Seizures
Global developmental delay
Generalized hypotonia
Microcephaly
Ataxia
Motor delay
Hyperreflexia
Tremor
Gait disturbance
Dysphagia

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Incidence and onset information

— Currently we don't have prevalence information about this disease (Not enough data available about incidence and published cases.)
— No data available about the known clinical features onset.

Alternative names

Hyperphenylalaninemia, Bh4-deficient, A; Hpabh4a Is also known as hyperphenylalaninemia, tetrahydrobiopterin-deficient, due to pts deficiency, 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase deficiency, pts deficiency.

Researches and researchers

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Hyperphenylalaninemia, Bh4-deficient, A; Hpabh4a Recommended genes panels

Panel Name, Specifity and genes Tested/covered
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GeneAware Complete Panel Version 2 (Female). By Baylor Miraca Genetics Laboratories (United States). RMRP, BCS1L, SACS, BLM, SGCA, SGCB, SGCG, SGSH, SLC12A6, SLC17A5, SLC22A5, SLC25A13, SLC25A15, SLC26A2, SLC35A3, SLC7A7, SMN1, SMPD1, BTD, BTK , (...) View the complete list with 139 more genes Panel complete gene list RMRP, BCS1L, SACS, BLM, SGCA, SGCB, SGCG, SGSH, SLC12A6, SLC17A5, SLC22A5, SLC25A13, SLC25A15, SLC26A2, SLC35A3, SLC7A7, SMN1, SMPD1, BTD, BTK, TGM1, TH, TTPA, UBE3A, UGT1A1, USH1C, USH2A, CLRN1, WAS, MCOLN1, NPHS2, CDH23, PCDH15, CAPN3, CBS, HPS3, LRPPRC, RTEL1, MLC1, DCLRE1C, ADA, CFTR, CHAT, POMGNT1, CHRNE, SUMF1, DHDDS, TPP1, CLN3, CLN5, CLN6, CLN8, ADAMTS2, COL4A3, CPT1A, ETHE1, CPT2, GNE, MMACHC, TMEM216, CTNS, CTSK, CYBB, CYP1B1, CYP27A1, BBS10, DOK7, DBT, DHCR7, DLD, DMD, GNPTAB, DPYD, AGA, AGL, EIF2B5, AGXT, FAH, FANCC, FKTN, FH, FMR1, ALDH3A2, G6PC, G6PD, SLC37A4, GAA, GALC, GALT, ALDOB, GBA, GCDH, GJB2, GJB6, GLB1, GLDC, ALPL, GRHPR, AMT, HADHA, HBA1, HBA2, HBB, HEXA, HEXB, HMGCL, HSD17B4, IDUA, ABCC8, ELP1, IL2RG, ABCD1, IVD, LAMA3, LAMB3, LAMC2, MAN2B1, MECP2, ARSA, MPI, MPL, ASL, MTTP, ASPA, ASS1, MYO7A, NBN, NEB, NPC1, NPHP1, NPHS1, ATM, OCRL, OTC, PAH, PC, PCCA, PCCB, ATP7B, SLC26A4, PEX1, PEX7, ACADM, PHGDH, SERPINA1, PKHD1, PLA2G6, PMM2, POLG, ACADVL, PPT1, PROP1, BBS1, BBS2, PTS, PEX2, BCKDHA, RAPSN, BCKDHB Specificity 1 % Genes 100 %
GeneAware Complete Panel Version 2 (Male). By Baylor Miraca Genetics Laboratories (United States). RMRP, BCS1L, SACS, BLM, SGCA, SGCB, SGCG, SGSH, SLC12A6, SLC17A5, SLC22A5, SLC25A13, SLC25A15, SLC26A2, SLC35A3, SLC7A7, SMN1, SMPD1, BTD, TGM1 , (...) View the complete list with 129 more genes Panel complete gene list RMRP, BCS1L, SACS, BLM, SGCA, SGCB, SGCG, SGSH, SLC12A6, SLC17A5, SLC22A5, SLC25A13, SLC25A15, SLC26A2, SLC35A3, SLC7A7, SMN1, SMPD1, BTD, TGM1, TH, TTPA, UBE3A, UGT1A1, USH1C, USH2A, CLRN1, WAS, MCOLN1, NPHS2, CDH23, PCDH15, CAPN3, CBS, HPS3, LRPPRC, RTEL1, MLC1, DCLRE1C, ADA, CFTR, CHAT, POMGNT1, CHRNE, SUMF1, DHDDS, TPP1, CLN3, CLN5, CLN6, CLN8, ADAMTS2, COL4A3, CPT1A, ETHE1, CPT2, GNE, MMACHC, TMEM216, CTNS, CTSK, CYP1B1, CYP27A1, BBS10, DOK7, DBT, DHCR7, DLD, GNPTAB, DPYD, AGA, AGL, EIF2B5, AGXT, FAH, FANCC, FKTN, FH, ALDH3A2, G6PC, SLC37A4, GAA, GALC, GALT, ALDOB, GBA, GCDH, GJB2, GJB6, GLB1, GLDC, ALPL, GRHPR, AMT, HADHA, HBA1, HBA2, HBB, HEXA, HEXB, HMGCL, HSD17B4, IDUA, ABCC8, ELP1, IVD, LAMA3, LAMB3, LAMC2, MAN2B1, ARSA, MPI, MPL, ASL, MTTP, ASPA, ASS1, MYO7A, NBN, NEB, NPC1, NPHP1, NPHS1, ATM, PAH, PC, PCCA, PCCB, ATP7B, SLC26A4, PEX1, PEX7, ACADM, PHGDH, SERPINA1, PKHD1, PLA2G6, PMM2, POLG, ACADVL, PPT1, PROP1, BBS1, BBS2, PTS, PEX2, BCKDHA, RAPSN, BCKDHB Specificity 1 % Genes 100 %
Dystonia. By Knight Diagnostic Laboratories - Molecular Diagnostic Center Oregon Health & Science University (United States). SCP2, SGCE, SLC20A2, SLC2A1, SLC6A3, SPR, SUCLA2, SUOX, TAF1, TH, TIMM8A, TREX1, MCOLN1, FBXO7, CACNA1A, NPC2, PINK1, PANK2, SAMHD1, APTX , (...) View the complete list with 57 more genes Panel complete gene list SCP2, SGCE, SLC20A2, SLC2A1, SLC6A3, SPR, SUCLA2, SUOX, TAF1, TH, TIMM8A, TREX1, MCOLN1, FBXO7, CACNA1A, NPC2, PINK1, PANK2, SAMHD1, APTX, SLC19A3, TPK1, TREM2, ARX, RNASEH2A, VPS13A, L2HGDH, THAP1, FA2H, PDHX, ADAR, CP, RNASEH2C, CHMP2B, MMADHC, C19orf12, RNASEH2B, DCAF17, CYP27A1, FOXRED1, DDC, WDR45, DLAT, FASTKD2, EARS2, ATP13A2, DRD2, DRD5, PRRT2, SLC46A1, TOR1A, AFG3L2, SDHAF1, ERCC6, FOXG1, GAMT, GCDH, GCH1, MR1, HPRT1, AP1S2, KCNQ2, MAT1A, ARSA, MPV17, ATM, ATP1A2, ATP1A3, PRKN, ATP7B, AUH, PLP1, PNKD, PSEN1, PTEN, PTS, QDPR Specificity 2 % Genes 100 %
Epilepsy/Seizure. By Knight Diagnostic Laboratories - Molecular Diagnostic Center Oregon Health & Science University (United States). SCN1A, SCN1B, SCN2A, SCN8A, SCN9A, SLC2A1, SLC6A8, SLC9A6, BTD, SPTAN1, CDKL5, STXBP1, SYN1, TSC1, TSC2, UBE3A, CNTNAP2, CACNA1A, CACNB4, ARHGEF9 , (...) View the complete list with 78 more genes Panel complete gene list SCN1A, SCN1B, SCN2A, SCN8A, SCN9A, SLC2A1, SLC6A8, SLC9A6, BTD, SPTAN1, CDKL5, STXBP1, SYN1, TSC1, TSC2, UBE3A, CNTNAP2, CACNA1A, CACNB4, ARHGEF9, ZEB2, CASK, CASR, PLCB1, DNAJC5, SLC19A3, EFHC1, LIAS, SCARB2, PRICKLE1, CPA6, ADGRV1, ARX, MAGI2, ASPM, CHRNA2, CHRNA4, CHRNB2, SLC25A22, PRICKLE2, MBD5, TPP1, CLN3, CLN5, CLN6, CLN8, NHLRC1, KCTD7, ABAT, WDR62, MMACHC, CSTB, CTSD, DCX, TSEN54, MFSD8, WDR45, ADSL, TBC1D24, PNPO, PRRT2, EPM2A, FLNA, FOLR1, FOXG1, GABRA1, ALDH5A1, GABRG2, GAMT, GATM, GCH1, GLDC, GOSR2, ADGRG1, GRIN2A, AMT, KCNJ10, KCNMA1, KCNQ2, KCNQ3, LGI1, MCPH1, MECP2, MEF2C, MTHFR, ATP1A2, NRXN1, OPHN1, PAFAH1B1, PCBD1, ALDH7A1, PHGDH, PNKP, POLG, PPT1, PSPH, PTS, QDPR Specificity 2 % Genes 100 %
Infantile Epilepsy. By Knight Diagnostic Laboratories - Molecular Diagnostic Center Oregon Health & Science University (United States). SCN1A, SCN1B, SCN2A, SCN8A, SLC2A1, SLC6A8, SLC9A6, BTD, SPTAN1, CDKL5, STXBP1, TCF4, TSC1, TSC2, UBE3A, CNTNAP2, ZEB2, LIAS, ARX, MAGI2 , (...) View the complete list with 40 more genes Panel complete gene list SCN1A, SCN1B, SCN2A, SCN8A, SLC2A1, SLC6A8, SLC9A6, BTD, SPTAN1, CDKL5, STXBP1, TCF4, TSC1, TSC2, UBE3A, CNTNAP2, ZEB2, LIAS, ARX, MAGI2, SLC25A22, MBD5, TPP1, CLN3, CLN5, CLN6, CLN8, KCTD7, MMACHC, CTSD, MFSD8, WDR45, ADSL, TBC1D24, PNPO, PRRT2, FOLR1, FOXG1, ALDH5A1, GABRG2, GAMT, GCH1, GLDC, GRIN2A, AMT, KCNJ10, KCNQ2, KCNQ3, MECP2, MEF2C, MTHFR, NRXN1, PCBD1, ALDH7A1, PHGDH, PNKP, POLG, PPT1, PTS, QDPR Specificity 2 % Genes 100 %
Movement Disorders Panel. By Knight Diagnostic Laboratories - Molecular Diagnostic Center Oregon Health & Science University (United States). SCP2, SGCE, SLC20A2, SLC2A1, SLC6A3, SNCA, SPR, SQSTM1, SUCLA2, SUOX, TAF1, TH, TIMM8A, TREX1, MCOLN1, VPS35, FBXO7, CACNA1A, NPC2, PINK1 , (...) View the complete list with 72 more genes Panel complete gene list SCP2, SGCE, SLC20A2, SLC2A1, SLC6A3, SNCA, SPR, SQSTM1, SUCLA2, SUOX, TAF1, TH, TIMM8A, TREX1, MCOLN1, VPS35, FBXO7, CACNA1A, NPC2, PINK1, PANK2, SAMHD1, APTX, SLC19A3, PARK7, TRIM32, TPK1, TREM2, ARX, RNASEH2A, LRRK2, VPS13A, L2HGDH, THAP1, FA2H, PDHX, ADAR, CP, RNASEH2C, CSF1R, CHMP2B, MMADHC, C19orf12, RNASEH2B, DCAF17, CYP27A1, FOXRED1, DCTN1, DDC, WDR45, DLAT, FASTKD2, EARS2, ATP13A2, DRD2, DRD5, PRRT2, SLC46A1, TOR1A, AFG3L2, SDHAF1, ERCC6, FOXG1, FTL, FUCA1, GAMT, GBA, GCDH, GCH1, MR1, HPRT1, AP1S2, KCNQ2, MAPT, MAT1A, ARSA, MPV17, ATM, ATP1A2, ATP1A3, PRKN, ATP7B, KIF1A, AUH, PLA2G6, PLP1, PNKD, POLG, PSEN1, PTEN, PTS, QDPR Specificity 2 % Genes 100 %
6-Pyruvoyltetrahydropterin Synthase Deficiency. By Medical Genetics Laboratory, Kennedy Center Juliane Marie Center, Rigshospitalet (Denmark). PTS Specificity 100 % Genes 100 %

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