Delayed speech and language development, and Nail dystrophy

Medium match DYSKERATOSIS CONGENITA, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE 6; DKCB6

Autosomal recessive dyskeratosis congenita-6 is a bone marrow failure disorder associated with abnormal skin pigmentation, nail dystrophy, oral leukoplakia, microcephaly, and developmental delay (summary by Tummala et al., 2015).For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of dyskeratosis congenita, see DKCA1 (OMIM ).

• Autosomal recessive inheritance
• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature

SOURCES: UMLS MONDO DOID OMIM

Medium match COFFIN-SIRIS SYNDROME 5; CSS5

Coffin-Siris syndrome is a rare congenital disorder characterized by delayed psychomotor development, intellectual disability, coarse facial features, and hypoplasia of the distal phalanges, particularly the fifth digit. Other features may also be observed, including congenital heart defects, hypoplasia of the corpus callosum, and poor overall growth with short stature and microcephaly (summary by Wieczorek et al., 2013). Patients with SMARCE1 mutations have a wide spectrum of manifestations, including severe to moderate intellectual disability and heart defects (summary by Kosho et al., 2014).For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Coffin-Siris syndrome, see CSS1 (OMIM ).

• Autosomal dominant inheritance
• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature

SOURCES: UMLS OMIM MONDO

Medium match MENTAL RETARDATION, X-LINKED, SYNDROMIC, NASCIMENTO TYPE; MRXSN

X-linked intellectual disability, Nascimento type is a rare X-linked intellectual disability syndrome characterized by intellectual disability (with severe speech impairment), a myxedematous appearance, dysmorphic facial features (including large head, synophrys, prominent supraorbital ridges, almond-shaped and deep-set eyes, large ears, wide mouth with everted lower lip and downturned lip corners), low posterior hairline, short, broad neck, marked general hirsutism and abnormal hair whorls, skin changes (e.g. dry skin or hypopigmented spots), widely spaced nipples, obesity, micropenis, onychodystrophy and seizures.

MENTAL RETARDATION, X-LINKED, SYNDROMIC, NASCIMENTO TYPE; MRXSN Is also known as mental retardation, x-linked, syndromic 30;mrxs30;x-linked intellectual disability-nail dystrophy-seizures syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Depressed nasal bridge
• Macrocephaly
• Short neck

SOURCES: ORPHANET UMLS OMIM MONDO DOID

Medium match DYSKERATOSIS CONGENITA, AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT 3; DKCA3

Dyskeratosis congenita is an inherited bone marrow failure syndrome classically characterized by the triad of mucosal leukoplakia, nail dysplasia, and abnormal skin pigmentation. Affected individuals have an increased risk of aplastic anemia and malignancy. Less common features include epiphora, premature gray hair, microcephaly, developmental delay, and pulmonary fibrosis, among others. The phenotype is highly variable. All affected individuals have shortened telomeres due to a defect in telomere maintenance (summary by Savage et al., 2008).For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of dyskeratosis congenita, see DCKA1 (OMIM ).

• Autosomal dominant inheritance
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Pica
• Hearing impairment

SOURCES: MONDO OMIM UMLS DOID

Medium match CHROMOSOME 17q12 DELETION SYNDROME

17q12 microdeletion syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome resulting from the partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 17 characterized by renal cystic disease, maturity onset diabetes of the young type 5, and neurodevelopmental disorders, such as cognitive impairment, developmental delay (particularly of speech), autistic traits and autism spectrum disorder. Müllerian aplasia in females, macrocephaly, mild facial dysmorphism (high forehead, deep set eyes and chubby cheeks) and transient hypercalcaemia have also been reported.

CHROMOSOME 17q12 DELETION SYNDROME Is also known as ;del(17)(q12); monosomy 17q12

• Autosomal dominant inheritance
• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature

SOURCES: UMLS DOID ORPHANET MONDO GARD OMIM

Medium match DEAFNESS, ONYCHODYSTROPHY, OSTEODYSTROPHY, MENTAL RETARDATION, AND SEIZURES SYNDROME; DOORS

The DOOR syndrome is an acronym for deafness, onychodystrophy, osteodystrophy, and mental retardation. Cantwell (1975) suggested this designation for the disorder, which can also include triphalangeal thumbs, seizures, and abnormal dermatoglyphics. Inheritance is autosomal recessive.See also DDOD syndrome (OMIM ), which shows autosomal dominant inheritance of congenital deafness and onychodystrophy without mental retardation.

DEAFNESS, ONYCHODYSTROPHY, OSTEODYSTROPHY, MENTAL RETARDATION, AND SEIZURES SYNDROME; DOORS Is also known as door syndrome, digitorenocerebral syndrome, drc syndrome, brachydactyly due to absence of distal phalanges, eronen syndrome

• Autosomal recessive inheritance
• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: MONDO OMIM GARD MESH

Medium match TRICHOTHIODYSTROPHY 1, PHOTOSENSITIVE; TTD1

Trichothiodystrophy (TTD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder in which patients have brittle, sulfur-deficient hair that displays a diagnostic alternating light and dark banding pattern, called 'tiger tail banding,' under polarizing microscopy. TTD patients display a wide variety of clinical features, including cutaneous, neurologic, and growth abnormalities. Common additional clinical features are ichthyosis, intellectual/developmental disabilities, decreased fertility, abnormal characteristics at birth, ocular abnormalities, short stature, and infections. There are both photosensitive and nonphotosensitive forms of the disorder. TTD patients have not been reported to have a predisposition to cancer (summary by Faghri et al., 2008). Genetic Heterogeneity of TrichothiodystrophyAlso see TTD2 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the ERCC3/XPB gene (OMIM ); TTD3 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the GTF2H5 gene (OMIM ); TTD4 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the MPLKIP gene (OMIM ); TTD5 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the RNF113A gene (OMIM ); and TTD6 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the GTF2E2 gene (OMIM ).

TRICHOTHIODYSTROPHY 1, PHOTOSENSITIVE; TTD1 Is also known as trichothiodystrophy, photosensitive;ttdp, ichthyosiform erythroderma with hair abnormality and mental and growth retardation, tay syndrome, trichothiodystrophy with congenital ichthyosis;ichthyosis, congenital, with trichothiodystrophy, pibids syndrome

• Autosomal recessive inheritance
• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Pica

SOURCES: OMIM MONDO ORPHANET

Low match DYSKERATOSIS CONGENITA, AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT 6; DKCA6

Dyskeratosis congenita is a multisystem disorder caused by defective telomere maintenance. Features are variable and include bone marrow failure, nail dysplasia, oral leukoplakia, and increased risk of cancer (summary by Kocak et al., 2014).For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of dyskeratosis congenita, see DKCA1 (OMIM ).

• Autosomal recessive inheritance
• Autosomal dominant inheritance
• Global developmental delay
• Microcephaly
• Growth delay

SOURCES: OMIM UMLS MONDO DOID

Low match DYSKERATOSIS CONGENITA, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE 5; DKCB5

Dyskeratosis congenita (DKC) is a bone marrow failure syndrome characterized by severely shortened telomeres and diverse clinical symptoms. The classic presentation of DKC includes nail dystrophy, abnormal skin pigmentation, and oral leukoplakia. Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson syndrome (HHS) is a severe clinical variant of DKC that is characterized by intrauterine growth failure, microcephaly, developmental delay, immunodeficiency, bone marrow failure, and cerebellar hypoplasia. Patients with mutations in the RTEL1 gene tend to present with HHS (summary by Walne et al., 2013).For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of dyskeratosis congenita, see DKCA1 (OMIM ).

• Autosomal recessive inheritance
• Autosomal dominant inheritance
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: DOID UMLS OMIM MONDO

Low match REVESZ SYNDROME

Revesz syndrome is a rare severe phenotypic variant of dyskeratosis congenita (DC; see this term) with an onset in early childhood, characterized by features of DC (e.g. skin hyper/hypopigmentation, nail dystrophy, oral leukoplakia, high risk of bone marrow failure (BMF) and cancer, developmental delay sparse and fine hair) in conjunction with bilateral exudative retinopathy, and intracranial calcifications.

REVESZ SYNDROME Is also known as dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal dominant 5;dkca5, exudative retinopathy with bone marrow failure;dyskeratosis congenita with bilateral exudative retinopathy; retinopathy-anemia-central nervous system anomalies syndrome; revesz-debuse syndrome

• Autosomal dominant inheritance
• Global developmental delay
• Ataxia
• Growth delay
• Nystagmus

SOURCES: MONDO ORPHANET OMIM DOID UMLS MESH SCTID GARD